In the context of Jean Piaget's theory of moral development, which of the following is a characteristic of children showing heteronomous morality?
- They believe intentions are more important than consequences when judging behavior.
- They think of justice as an unchangeable property of the world.
- They are nonbelievers of the concept of immanent justice.
- They are aware that rules and laws are created by people.
Heteronomous Morality: The first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, occurring from approximately 4 to 7 years of age. Justice and rules are conceived of as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
Older children, who are ________, recognize that punishment occurs only if someone witnesses the wrongdoing and that even then, punishment is not inevitable.
- moral autonomists
- empathic thinkers
- gender-typed
- heteronomous thinkers
Domain Theory Of Moral Development: Theory that identifies different domains of social knowledge and reasoning, including moral, social conventional, and personal domains. These domains arise from children’s and adolescents’ attempts to understand and deal with different forms of social experience.
Maria believes that if a rule is broken, punishment will be meted out immediately. In the context of Jean Piaget's theory of moral development, this scenario indicates that Maria believes in the concept of
- immanent justice.
- restorative justice.
- reciprocal socialization.
- egocentrism.
Immanent Justice: The concept that if a rule is broken, punishment will be meted out immediately.
Jerome, 6, and Hani, 10, get up early on Saturday morning to make "breakfast in bed" for their mother. While reaching for the bed tray in the back of the hall cabinet, they accidentally break their mother's favorite porcelain doll. Jerome knows that he's going to get into "big trouble." Hani tells him not to worry and that their mom would understand that it was an accident. In what stage would Jean Piaget categorize the moral reasoning of Jerome and Hani?
- Jerome-autonomous morality; Hani-heteronomous morality
- Jerome-heteronomous morality; Hani-autonomous morality
- Jerome-universal law morality; Hani-context-specific morality
- Jerome-context-specific morality; Hani-universal law morality
Autonomous Morality: In Piaget’s theory, older children (about 10 years of age and older) become aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.
Piaget concluded that the changes in moral reasoning in children come about through
- authoritative parent-child relations.
- religious and social conditioning.
- the children's family experiences.
- the mutual give-and-take of peer relations.
According to Jean Piaget, parent-child relations are less likely to advance moral reasoning than peer relations because
- parents are inconsistent in delivering the consequences for broken rules.
- peers are less likely to allow negotiation and reasoning about broken rules.
- parents often hand down rules in an authoritarian way.
- peer groups immediately mete out punishments for rule breaking.
Authoritarian Parenting: A restrictive, punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect their work and effort. The authoritarian parent places firm limits and controls on the child and allows little verbal exchange. Authoritarian parenting is associated with children’s social incompetence.
Julie believes that Jason's accidental act of breaking 12 plates is worse than Peter intentionally breaking two plates. Julie can be best described as a(n)
- moral autonomist.
- gender-typed individual.
- empathic thinker.
- heteronomous moralist.
Heteronomous Morality: The first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, occurring from approximately 4 to 7 years of age. Justice and rules are conceived of as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
Katrina, a 6-year-old, becomes extremely upset when her brother tries to change the rules of their game and yells, "You can't do that! You can't change rules!" Which of the following types of moral reasoning is Katrina exhibiting?
- autonomous morality
- heteronomous morality
- peer-negotiated morality
- immanent justice morality
Heteronomous Morality: The first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, occurring from approximately 4 to 7 years of age. Justice and rules are conceived of as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
Twice each month, Gini helps to serve dinner at the "Community Table," a program that assists homeless people in the town. She brings her two children, aged nine and eleven, with her and talks to them about the need to share time, food, and kindness with others who are less fortunate. Social cognitive theorists would say that Gini's children
- are likely to develop moral behavior that includes helping others.
- are not likely to be impacted by this as their moral behavior is modeled on peers, not parents.
- will not benefit from these experiences until they are teens.
- will fail to model their behavior to their mother's unless they see some reward in it.
Moral Development: Development that involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with other people.
According to Freud, to reduce anxiety, avoid punishment, and maintain parental affection, children identify with parents, internalizing their standards of right and wrong, thus forming the
- alter ego.
- ego.
- superego.
- id.
Ben, a 12-year-old, judges the rightness or goodness of behavior by considering its consequences, not the intentions of the actor. In the context of Jean Piaget's theory of moral development, Ben will most likely be classified as a(n)
- autonomous moralist.
- heteronomous moralist.
- pragmatist.
- authoritarian.
At about ________ years of age and older, children show autonomous morality.
- 7
- 4
- 10
- 5
Autonomous Morality: In Piaget’s theory, older children (about 10 years of age and older) become aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.
According to Piaget's theory, from ________ years of age, children are in a transition showing some features of the first stage of moral reasoning and some features of the second stage, autonomous morality.
- 7 to 10
- 4 to 7
- 10 to 12
- 1 to 4
Autonomous Morality: In Piaget’s theory, older children (about 10 years of age and older) become aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.