About This Chapter
This assessment collection covers checking your mastery of concepts like the media use, the parent-adolescent conflict, the parental monitoring and information management and the peer pressure. Presents meticulously developed provides examination questions including accurate solutions, comprehensive reasoning, and key term guides structured by difficulty ratings with accurate responses, detailed explanations, and glossary references. Each question provides correct answers, detailed explanations, glossary terms, and difficulty levels for effective study sessions.
The learning outcomes are:
✓ Summarize cultural influences during adolescence.
✓ Describe changes that take place in adolescents' relationships with their parents.
✓ Describe changes in peer relationships during adolescence.
Question 1
Which of the following is mainly driving the increased media use by adolescents?
- newspapers
- radio
- cell phones
- internet cafés
Correct Answer:
cell phones
Glossary:
Cellular Clock Theory: Leonard Hayflick’s theory that the maximum number of times that human cells can divide is about 75 to 80. As we age, our cells have less capacity to divide.
Question 2
The largest increases in media use in early adolescence are for
- electronic books and DVDs.
- listening to music on MP3 players.
- chatting with friends on cell phones.
- TV and video games.
Correct Answer:
TV and video games.
Glossary:
Games: Activities engaged in for pleasure that include rules and often involve competition with one or more individuals.
Question 3
Dylan does his homework in front of the television while listening to music on his iPod and also simultaneously text messaging his friends. These actions are collectively known as
- media multitasking.
- simulcasting.
- surfing.
- media conferencing.
Correct Answer:
media multitasking.
Glossary:
Attention: The focusing of mental resources on select information.
Question 4
According to a national survey in 2012, which of the following is the primary way that most adolescents preferred to connect with parents?
- voice mailing
- face-to-face contact
- e-mailing
- text messaging
Correct Answer:
voice mailing
Question 5
According to a 2010 survey, which of the following is the main way that adolescents connect with their friends?
- phone calls
- instant messaging
- text messaging
Correct Answer:
text messaging
Question 6
Reggie, a 16-year-old teenager, gets into a lot of arguments with his parents. Going by what is generally observed about parent-adolescent conflict, it is likely that most of the arguments center around
- whether Reggie uses drugs.
- Reggie's delinquent behavior.
- Reggie's alcoholism.
- everyday events of family life.
Correct Answer:
everyday events of family life.
Question 7
According to the new model of parent-adolescent relationships, which of the following is a benefit of everyday negotiations and minor disputes?
- They teach adolescents that their parents are not perfect.
- They help adolescents become more autonomous.
- They help adolescents accept parental control over their lives.
- They teach parents how to exert more control over the lives of adolescents.
Correct Answer:
They help adolescents become more autonomous.
Glossary:
Autonomous Morality: In Piaget’s theory, older children (about 10 years of age and older) become aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.
Question 8
According to the old model of parent-adolescent relationships, ________.
- parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence
- parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe in most families
- parents serve as important support systems while adolescents explore a wider, more complex social world
- the everyday negotiations and minor disputes are normal
Correct Answer:
parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence
Question 9
Which of the following does the new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasize?
- Parents serve as important attachment figures and support systems during adolescence.
- Parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence.
- The everyday conflicts that characterize parent-adolescent relationships have a detrimental effect on adolescent development.
- As adolescents mature, they move into a world of autonomy apart from parents.
Correct Answer:
Parents serve as important attachment figures and support systems during adolescence.
Glossary:
Attachment: A close emotional bond between two people.
Question 10
The old model of parent-adolescent relationships suggested that
- routine negotiations and minor disputes can serve the developmental function of helping adolescents make the transition from childhood dependency to adult independence.
- in most families, parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
- parents serve as important attachment figures and support systems while adolescents explore a wider and more complex social world.
- as adolescents mature, they detach themselves from parents and move into a world of autonomy apart from parents.
Correct Answer:
as adolescents mature, they detach themselves from parents and move into a world of autonomy apart from parents.
Glossary:
Autonomous Morality: In Piaget’s theory, older children (about 10 years of age and older) become aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.
Question 11
Conflict with parents often escalates during
- early adolescence.
- middle adolescence.
- late adolescence.
- the college years.
Correct Answer:
early adolescence.
Glossary:
Adolescent Egocentrism: The heightened self-consciousness of adolescents.
Question 12
Mark is a 14-year-old teenager who lives with his parents. Over the last 2 years, Mark and his parents have been in arguments almost every day. These arguments are usually about Mark watching too much TV, not cleaning his room, or not helping with daily chores in the house. Mark always finds excuses to avoid doing any chores. At times, the arguments get heated quickly, and as a result, Mark gets grounded for a few days. In view of these intense parent-adolescent conflicts between Mark and his parents and the research studies conducted in similar fields, which of the following is most likely to occur?
- Mark will move out of the house.
- Mark will show significant improvement in academics.
- Mark will have better career and financial competence in the future.
- Mark will start attending religious services regularly.
Correct Answer:
Mark will move out of the house.
Question 13
The new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasizes that
- parents should take an authoritarian approach to control the lives of adolescents.
- parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence.
- in most families, parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
- even minor parent-adolescent conflicts are not normal and should be avoided as much as possible.
Correct Answer:
in most families, parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
Question 14
Stella has involved, responsive parents who support her in her choices as long as she adheres to certain basic rules that they have set for her, like keeping up her grades and coming home in time for dinner on weekdays. Thus, Stella's relationship with her parents is characterized by a high level of trust, acceptance, and quality. Research indicates that Stella would
- be unwilling to disclose her activities to her parents.
- be concerned about parental disapproval and thus more likely to lie to her parents.
- be likely to share information about her whereabouts, friends, and activities.
- be likely to experience problems in adolescent adjustment.
Correct Answer:
be likely to share information about her whereabouts, friends, and activities.
Glossary:
Acceptance: Kübler-Ross’ fifth stage of dying, in which the dying person develops a sense of peace, an acceptance of her or his fate, and, in many cases, a desire to be left alone.
Question 15
Priscilla is in the eighth grade. Every day after school, she hangs out with her friends from her class who are popular. She is very fond of them and wants to become popular like them. Her friends have recently started shoplifting at departmental stores. According to research studies on the effect of peer pressure on conformity, which of the following is Priscilla most likely to do?
- Priscilla will use her moral reasoning to determine if the behavior should be copied or not.
- Priscilla will reject the behavior of her peers.
- Priscilla will go along with her friends to engage in the antisocial behavior.
- Priscilla will report the behavior to her friends' parents.
Correct Answer:
Priscilla will go along with her friends to engage in the antisocial behavior.
Question 16
Martha's family has recently relocated to Alabama. This relocation means that Martha would have to go to a new school and make new friends. Martha finds it difficult to make friends. She approaches her mother for advice on making friends. Which of the following is a strategy that her mother should recommend to her?
- Be psychologically aggressive.
- Wait for the other individual to initiate interaction.
- Be open to engaging in gossip.
- Respect yourself and others.
Correct Answer:
Respect yourself and others.
Question 17
At which grade level does conformity to peers peak?
- sixth and seventh grades
- eighth and ninth grades
- tenth and eleventh grades
- the twelfth grade
Correct Answer:
eighth and ninth grades
Glossary:
Middle Adulthood: The developmental period that begins at approximately 40 to 45 years of age and extends to about 60 to 65 years of age.