States of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything are known as
- emotions.
- satisfaction.
- moods.
- withdrawal symptoms.
- personality traits.
Moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything.
Moods: States of feeling that are mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not directed at anything.
Over the course of a week, various coworkers confide in you about their states of feeling. Which of the following scenarios are you most likely to characterize as a mood?
- After his team lost an account, Leon felt out-of-sorts at work for the entire afternoon.
- Although she doesn't know why, Martina felt intense anger at Maria during the meeting.
- For some unknown reason, Vasil felt vaguely irritable at work for days.
- After learning that she won a sweepstakes, Chloe felt overjoyed during a long, boring meeting.
- Because she worked long hours, Audrey felt giddy and found everything funny.
Moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything. Vasil fills the criteria of feeling a mood.
Negative Emotions: Employees’ feelings of fear, guilt, shame, sadness, envy, and disgust.
People often describe flow as being "in the zone" and report heightened states of clarity, control, and concentration. In which of the following scenarios would the person involved most likely experience a flow state?
- Ibuki stands at a machine, punching out the same parts day after day.
- Hyata enjoys research even though his present research task is not demanding.
- Mark has been trying to create a good project proposal, but he feels out of his depth.
- Leslie has been using her skills to write a proposal for a project that will be challenging.
- Louise has been stamping envelopes for hours, a task she finds repetitive and boring.
A high challenge-high skill combination can result in flow-a state in which employees feel a total immersion in the task at hand, sometimes losing track of how much time has passed. By writing a thesis paper, Leslie uses her skills on a task she finds challenging. As a result, she will most likely experience a flow state.
Flow: A state in which employees feel a total immersion in the task at hand, sometimes losing track of how much time has passed.
Leo is making a presentation on the affective events theory to his management team. Which of the following examples should he use as a demonstration?
- Although Alikahn dealt with a difficult patron, his overall sense of well-being persisted.
- After received a critical email from his boss, Miras simmered with anger for the rest of the day.
- After Isabella talked to her friend, she continued to work intensely on her assignment.
- Although Eileen received a compliment from her boss, her vague unease about the project continued.
- Although Dylan did not contribute to the meeting, he still liked working for his employer.
According to affective events theory, workplace events can generate affective reactions-reactions that then can go on to influence work attitudes and behaviors. Miras shows the affective theory when he feels angry after getting an email from his boss.
Affective Events Theory: A theory that describes how workplace events can generate emotional reactions that impact work behaviors.
Moods can be categorized by
- feelings and schemas.
- classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
- cognition and affect.
- pleasantness and activation.
- emotions and cognition.
Moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything. They can be categorized into pleasantness and activation.
Moods: States of feeling that are mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not directed at anything.
Violeta has been feeling grouchy at her coworkers for weeks, but she doesn't know exactly why she has this feeling. What type of mood is she experiencing?
- engaged
- pleasant
- deactivated
- unpleasant
- intense
Moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything. Grouchiness falls under the category of an unpleasant mood.
Pleasantness: The degree to which an employee is in a good versus bad mood.
Thato, Ellis, and Amahle have just finished their team's project and are waiting for their supervisor's feedback. Thato is not satisfied with the team he is working with and has hostile feelings toward them. He feels annoyed because they procrastinated their parts of the assignment until the last minute, and now he is feeling nervous that their sections will be filled with errors. How would you describe Thato's mood?
- intense negative
- intense positive
- intense deactivated
- unpleasant deactivated
- pleasant deactivated
Feedback: In job characteristics theory, it refers to the degree to which the job itself provides information about how well the job holder is doing. In goal setting theory, it refers to progress updates on work goals.
Bert, Kiko, and Jamila have just finished their team's project and are waiting for their supervisor's feedback. Jamila had ensured that the project was completed on time and met all the requirements. She received good feedback on the part she worked on. She is elated and enthusiastic about her future projects. Her mood would be labeled as
- intense negative.
- intense deactivated.
- unpleasant deactivated.
- intense positive.
- pleasant deactivated.
Feedback: In job characteristics theory, it refers to the degree to which the job itself provides information about how well the job holder is doing. In goal setting theory, it refers to progress updates on work goals.
Jamie, Patrick, and Lori have just finished their team's project and are waiting for their supervisor's feedback. Patrick has been mostly unengaged and quiet ever since the project started. While this was not his best work, neither was his work bad. His mood would be categorized as
- intense negative.
- intense positive.
- deactivated.
- negative activated.
- positive activated.
Activation: The degree to which moods are aroused and active, as opposed to unaroused and inactive.
Which of the following combinations is most likely to result in flow?
- high skill and high challenge
- low altruism and low identity
- high altruism and high identity
- low activation and high pleasantness
- high autonomy and low growth need
Situations with high challenge-high skill combination can result in flow-a state in which employees feel a total immersion in the task at hand, sometimes losing track of how much time has passed.
Flow: A state in which employees feel a total immersion in the task at hand, sometimes losing track of how much time has passed.
Emotions can be categorized into
- structured and unstructured.
- cognition and affect.
- schemas and rules.
- positive and negative.
- semi-structured and unstructured.
Emotions are states of feeling that are often intense, last for only a few minutes, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance. They can be categorized as either positive or negative emotions.
Positive Affectivity: A dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.
Which type of emotion best explains a distressing condition that has changed for the better?
- pride
- hope
- relief
- compassion
- love
Emotions are states of feeling that are often intense, last for only a few minutes, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance. They can be categorized as either positive or negative emotions. Relief explains a distressing condition that has changed for the better.
Stress: The psychological response to demands when there is something at stake for the individual, and where coping with these demands would tax or exceed the individual’s capacity or resources.
Which type of emotion can be best explained as "facing an immediate and concrete danger"?
- anger
- anxiety
- fear
- disgust
- envy
Emotions are states of feeling that are often intense, last for only a few minutes, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance. Fear is an emotion that signifies facing an immediate and concrete danger.
According to the affective events theory,
- emotions need to be concealed at the workplace.
- emotions are independent of job satisfaction, which depends on rational analysis.
- emotions can trigger spontaneous behavior.
- employees feel like their efforts do not really matter when work evaluation is dictated by affective procedures.
- an employee will have high supervisor satisfaction if the supervisor is likeable.
Emotions are states of feeling that are often intense, last for only a few minutes, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance. According to affective events theory, these emotions can create the ebb and flow in satisfaction levels and can also trigger spontaneous behaviors.
Affective Events Theory: A theory that describes how workplace events can generate emotional reactions that impact work behaviors.
Which of the following is True regarding emotions?
- Failing to live up to your ideal self is termed as guilt, a negative emotion.
- Emotions are directed at someone or some circumstance.
- Enhancement of identity by taking credit for achievement is a negative emotion.
- Revulsion aroused by something offensive is shame.
- Being moved by another's situation is a negative emotion.
Emotions are states of feeling that are often intense, last for only a few minutes, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance.
Emotions: Intense feelings, often lasting for a short duration, that are clearly directed at someone or some circumstance.
Passive recreation like watching TV is likely to trigger a flow state.
Leisure time is spent in passive recreation, such as watching TV or chatting with friends, and lacks the challenge needed to trigger flow states.
Flow: A state in which employees feel a total immersion in the task at hand, sometimes losing track of how much time has passed.
A challenging assignment given to a knowledgeable and skillful person would be likely to trigger an intense positive mood.
Research suggests that two conditions are critical to triggering intense positive mood. First, the activity in question has to be challenging. Second, the employee must possess the unique skills needed to meet that challenge.
States of feeling that are intense, last for a few hours, and are clearly directed at (and caused by) someone or some circumstance are termed moods.
Moods are states of feeling that are often mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not explicitly directed at or caused by anything.
Moods: States of feeling that are mild in intensity, last for an extended period of time, and are not directed at anything.
When the emotions of one person affect the emotions of another person, it is called
- attachment.
- engagement.
- emotional contagion.
- empathy.
- emotional labor.
Emotional contagion shows that one person can "catch" or "be infected by" the emotions of another person. For example, if a customer service representative is angry or sad, those negative emotions can be transferred to a customer.
Emotional Contagion: The idea that emotions can be transferred from one person to another.
Shari works at a fast-food restaurant, which requires her always to be cheerful even when customers are rude or impatient. Shari's job involves a large amount of
- emotional labor.
- deactivated moods.
- emotional contagion.
- mood swings.
- flow immersion.
Emotional labor is the need to manage emotions to complete job duties successfully. Emotional labor is high in service jobs.
Emotional Labor: When employees manage their emotions to complete their job duties successfully.
Service jobs are high in emotional labor.
Service jobs in which employees make direct contact with customers often require those employees to hide any anger, anxiety, sadness, or disgust that they may feel, suppressing the urge to spontaneously engage in some negative behavior. Such jobs are high in emotional labor, or the need to manage emotions to complete job duties successfully.
Emotional Labor: When employees manage their emotions to complete their job duties successfully.