Creative task performance is a behavior that is only valuable in jobs such as artist and inventor.
Creative task performance is not only relevant to jobs such as artist and inventor; its emphasis has been increasing across a wide variety of jobs. Indeed, more than half the total wages and salary in the United States are paid to employees who need to be creative as part of their jobs.
Creative Task Performance: The degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.
Agnes is an inventor whose work has made people's lives better in a number of ways. As one commentator observed, "It's not just that her work is original-wearing shoes on your head is original-but it's also useful." Agnes's work is an example of
- organizational citizenship behavior.
- interpersonal citizenship behavior.
- adaptive task performance.
- creative task performance.
- routine task performance.
Creative task performance refers to the degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.
Creative Task Performance: The degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.
Remaining composed and cool when faced with difficult circumstances or a highly demanding workload or schedule, and acting as a calming and settling influence to whom others can look for guidance, are all part of ________, one of the behaviors involved in adaptability.
- dealing with uncertain and unpredictable work situations
- handling emergencies or crisis situations
- demonstrating interpersonal adaptability
- solving problems creatively
- handling work stress
Handling work stress involves remaining composed and cool when faced with difficult circumstances or a highly demanding workload or schedule, and acting as a calming and settling influence to whom others can look for guidance
Ability: Relatively stable capabilities of people for performing a particular range of related activities.
Candace hopes to get a job with the U.S. Foreign Service, serving as a liaison between an overseas embassy and the local population. She has an uncanny ability with languages, but if she wants to function well in her dream job, she also needs to be
- open-minded, flexible, and a good listener.
- reliable, detail-oriented, and unchanging.
- flamboyant, articulate, and irrepressible.
- easy to train and a good rule-follower.
- creative, fearless, and original.
In contrast to the other options, which relate either to routine task performance or creative task performance, Candace's chosen profession of diplomat is one that is likely to require a great deal of skills related to adaptive task performance. In particular, she will need to demonstrate the characteristics of interpersonal adaptability (being flexible and open-minded when dealing with others, as well as listening to and considering others' viewpoints and opinions) and cultural adaptability (willingly adjusting behavior or appearance as necessary to comply with or show respect for others' values and customs, understanding the implications of one's actions, and adjusting one's approach to maintain positive relationships with others).
Ability: Relatively stable capabilities of people for performing a particular range of related activities.
Handling work stress and emergencies, solving problems creatively, and responding to unpredictable demands are all aspects of
- citizenship behavior.
- civic virtue.
- helping.
- adaptability.
- service work.
Adaptability involves handling work stress, solving problems creatively, handling emergencies, responding to unpredictable demands, and other qualities.
Ability: Relatively stable capabilities of people for performing a particular range of related activities.
Today, Jamie, a police officer with a big-city force, apprehended a suspect fleeing the scene of a convenience store robbery. The suspect ran for three blocks before Jamie managed to tackle and handcuff him and read him his rights, by which time other officers had arrived on the scene to take him down to the station for booking. Jamie later described the situation to family and friends as "all in a day's work," but in organizational terms this is an example of
- job performance.
- citizenship behavior.
- routine task performance.
- creative task performance.
- adaptive task performance.
Adaptive task performance, or more commonly "adaptability," involves employee responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or, at the very least, unpredictable. It includes such behaviors as handling emergencies and crisis situations.
Adaptive Task Performance: Thoughtful responses by an employee to unique or unusual task demands.
Employee responses to job demands that are novel, unusual, or unpredictable are a part of
- job performance.
- adaptive task performance.
- job analysis.
- routine task performance.
- citizenship behavior.
Adaptive task performance, or more commonly "adaptability," involves employee responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or, at the very least, unpredictable.
Adaptive Task Performance: Thoughtful responses by an employee to unique or unusual task demands.
Routine task performance can involve employee responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or, at the very least, unpredictable.
Routine task performance involves well-known responses to demands that occur in a normal, routine, or otherwise predictable way.
Routine Task Performance: Well-known or habitual responses by employees to predictable task demands.
In addition to being more cognitive, knowledge work tends to be more structured and static in nature.
In addition to being more cognitive, knowledge work tends to be more fluid and dynamic in nature. Facts, data, and information are always changing.
Knowledge Work: Jobs that primarily involve cognitive activity versus physical activity.
Service work contexts place a greater premium on high levels of citizenship behavior and low levels of counterproductive behavior.
Service work contexts place a greater premium on high levels of citizenship behavior and low levels of counterproductive behavior. If service employees refuse to help one another or maintain good sportsmanship, or if they gossip and insult one another, those negative emotions get transmitted to the customer during the service encounter.
Citizenship Behavior: Voluntary employee behaviors that contribute to organizational goals by improving the context in which work takes place.
LeAnne is exhausted after another long day of answering the phones at the law firm of Boardman, Holloway, and Shriver. She says those three names several hundred times a day, followed by "How my direct your call?" This is an example of
- adaptive task performance.
- routine task performance.
- citizenship behavior.
- job performance.
- knowledge work.
Routine task performance involves well-known responses to demands that occur in a normal, routine, or otherwise predictable way. In these cases, employees tend to behave in more or less habitual or programmed ways that vary little from one instance to another.
Routine Task Performance: Well-known or habitual responses by employees to predictable task demands.
Well-known responses to normal job demands that occur in a predictable way are a part of
- job performance.
- adaptive task performance.
- knowledge work.
- routine task performance.
- citizenship behavior.
Routine task performance involves well-known responses to demands that occur in a normal, routine, or otherwise predictable way. In these cases, employees tend to behave in more or less habitual or programmed ways that vary little from one instance to another.
Routine Task Performance: Well-known or habitual responses by employees to predictable task demands.
Damita finds an advertisement for a bookkeeper position at a small business. The ad mentions handling accounts payable and accounts receivable, payroll, worker's compensation and unemployment insurance, and other financial matters related to the operation of the company. These items in the job description are all examples of
- job analysis.
- task performance.
- job performance.
- citizenship behavior.
- forced ranking.
Task performance is the set of explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment. For an accountant, task performance involves preparing, examining, and analyzing accounting records for accuracy and completeness. These are part of the daily work that an accountant is expected to perform.
Task Performance: Employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.
Gloria, Angelica, and Roberto all work for Dr. Elena at Brite & Beautiful Dentistry. One day, Gloria was in the small parking lot behind the office and noticed a sizeable pool of water near the building, even though it had not rained recently. She and the others began to monitor the situation, and soon determined that they had a leak somewhere in the drainage pipes, so Roberto called a plumber. The plumber came out the next day, and though he agreed with their assessment that they had a leaky pipe, he could not find the exact spot where the water was leaking. Given that the pipes lay under concrete, digging them out would involve a great deal of time and expense-not to mention noise and dust. Then Angelica had an idea: since Dr. Elena, like many dentists, kept a small amount of radioactive material on hand for making dental implants, they could release an extremely small portion through each of the sinks, toilets, and other drains in succession, then use a Geiger counter, which measures radioactivity, to locate the leak. Her coworkers scoffed, but Dr. Elena said it would be possible to release an amount of material too small to be harmful, but large enough to register on the Geiger counter. The plumber said it sounded like a good idea to him, and thanks to Angelica, within a little more than an hour's time, he had located the leak and was able to fix it with a minimum of trouble. In arriving at this solution, Angelica demonstrated one of the behaviors involved in adaptability, namely
- dealing with uncertain and unpredictable work situations.
- learning work tasks, technologies, and work situations.
- handling emergencies or crisis situations.
- demonstrating interpersonal adaptability.
- solving problems creatively.
Solving problems creatively involves turning problems upside-down and inside-out to find fresh new approaches; integrating seemingly unrelated information and developing creative solutions.
The explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment are referred to as
- job performance.
- citizenship behavior.
- knowledge work.
- task performance.
- civic virtue.
Task performance is the set of explicit obligations that an employee must fulfill to receive compensation and continued employment. Task performance behaviors focus on the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that are a core part of the job.
Task Performance: Employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.
Employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces are referred to collectively as
- behaviorally anchored rating scales.
- citizenship behavior.
- task performance.
- job performance.
- civic virtue.
Task performance refers to employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.
Task Performance: Employee behaviors that are directly involved in the transformation of organizational resources into the goods or services that the organization produces.
Teresa works in a chemical factory where her job involves inspecting containers of kerosene as they pass down the assembly line. She goes through a five-step process compliant with safety regulations laid down in the company manual, and she seldom has to think about her work. One day, however, a fire broke out on the line, and Teresa, who saw it before anyone else, grabbed an extinguisher just in time. Had she not acted quickly, the fire would have quickly spread, potentially resulting in widespread injuries and even death. In terms of organizational behavior, what is the best way to describe this situation?
- Teresa's job is usually very routine, but on this occasion it became exciting.
- Teresa's job demands that she remain vigilant, but this time she needed to be extra-vigilant.
- Normally, Teresa's job involves routine task performance, but this situation required adaptability.
- Usually, Teresa's job calls for routine task performance, but in this situation she had to be creative.
- On a typical day, Teresa's job requires adaptability, but this situation called for creative task performance.
Teresa's job primarily involves routine task performance, but the fire required adaptive task performance, or adaptability. Though heroic, her act did not qualify as an example of creative task performance because using a fire extinguisher is an obvious rather than a novel solution to an outbreak of fire.
An artist, Martel is known for his bright canvases awash in extraordinary color combinations. His pieces bring tens of thousands of dollars at auction, and this allows him to pay the salary of assistants, such as Brendan. An aspiring young painter, Brendan mixes paints, cleans brushes, and maintains the inventory of art supplies in Martel's studio. The difference between their two positions is best described in organizational terms by saying that Martel's work involves ________ task performance.
- creative task performance, whereas Brendan's is primarily concerned with adaptive
- adaptive task performance, whereas Brendan's is primarily concerned with creative
- adaptive task performance, whereas Brendan's is primarily concerned with routine
- routine task performance, whereas Brendan's is primarily concerned with adaptive
- creative task performance, whereas Brendan's is primarily concerned with routine
Creative task performance is the degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful, whereas routine task performance involves well-known responses to demands that occur in a normal, routine, or otherwise predictable way. Martel has become famous because of his paintings, which are both novel and (because they give people pleasure) useful. Though Brendan aspires to be known as an artist in his own right, at present his job involves little creativity-an example of routine task performance.
Creative Task Performance: The degree to which individuals develop ideas or physical outcomes that are both novel and useful.